You know that our meteorologists are not able to predict rainy or sunny day exactly even though they have lot of instruments. Our ancient astrologists predicted the sun rise,sunset,solar eclipse, lunar eclipse and other important dates and times with just manual observation.
Panchangam is a Hindu calendar and almanac, which follows traditional units of Indian timekeeping, and presents important dates and their calculations in a tabulated form.The actual casting of a Panchangam involves elaborate mathematical work involving high level of spherical geometry and sound understanding of astronomical phenomena, such as sidereal movements of heavenly bodies. However, in practice the tabulation is done on the basis of short-cut formulations as propounded by ancient Vedic sages and scholars.A typical Panchangam may state tabulations of positions of Sun, Moon, and other planets for every day of the year on a fixed place (longitude, latitude) and time of day (in 24-hour format IST). The users calculate the remaining data using the their relative difference from this fixed place and time.
There are several panchangas that contain information for more than one year. There is one Vishvavijaya Panchangam that is for 100 years.
Science never lies with gadgets and machines. It lies with complete observation. All the other things are just applications of science.
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